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En als wij rationeel willen zijn; onderscheid formele en substantiële rationaliteit
| Posted on June 14, 2022 at 1:35 PM |
En als wij rationeel willen zijn; onderscheid formele en substantiële rationaliteit
DRAFT 2.0
15 juni 2022
Rationaliteit wordt bij ons gepersonifieerd door onze professionals. Zeg maar, mensen met een hogere opleiding. Zij komen niet verder dan formele rationaliteit. Wie formeel rationeel handelt, stelt zich geen vragen bij de zin of de waarde van de doelstellingen die men nastreeft of de procedures die men volgt; hij volgt ze gewoon, volgens de logica van efficiëntie of procedure (doelen worden als gegeven vooropgesteld). Een illustratie is het openen van de raffinaderij. Een bataillon van experts is er gewoon mee bezig en stuurt de factuurtjes op. Hetzelfde geld voor het uitbouwen van het toerisme. Dit is de rationaliteit van de technologie, ook de medische- en ICT-. En iedereen is onder de indruk, want dat kunnen wij zelf ook volgen.
Materieel (substantieel) rationeel handelen: handelen dat intrinsiek waardevol is. De waarde van handelingsdoeleinden wordt voortdurend voor ogen gehouden (doelen worden afgewogen). Bijvoorbeeld vraagstukken over de klimaatcrisis, ongelijkheid, digital divide, inhoud van het onderwijs. Deze vorm van rationaliteit passen wij niet toe en beschouwen wij als niet praktisch tijdverlies.
Deze twee manieren van redeneren lijken afzonderlijk te werken. Efficiënte middelen worden inductief herkend in hoofden of hersenen of geesten. Legitieme doelen worden deductief gevoeld in harten of ingewanden of zielen. Instrumentele rationaliteit biedt intellectuele hulpmiddelen - wetenschappelijke en technologische feiten en theorieën - die onpersoonlijke, waardevrije middelen lijken te zijn. Waarderationaliteit biedt legitieme regels - morele waarderingen - die emotioneel bevredigende, feitenvrije doeleinden lijken te zijn. Elke samenleving handhaaft zichzelf door instrumentele middelen te coördineren met waarde-rationele doeleinden. Samen maken ze de mens rationeel. (Instrumental reason, sd)
Het is geen troost dat deze tendens zich heeft gemanifesteerd in de gehele westerse cultuur, zoals Weber voorspelde. Wij raken erg onder indruk van rapporten en weer anderen komen de rapporten voorlezen en op schermen projecteren en beperken zich tot het formele en instrumentele. Zie nu de discussie over het landspakket. Dat beperkt zich tot het formele. Over de doelen die wij zouden (moeten) nastreven wordt niet gesproken. Wij kennen geen substantiële ration-aliteit.
References
Instrumental reason. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://stringfixer.com/nl/Instrumental_reason.
Miguel Goede
Categories: DRAFT 2.0
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